by Elizabeth Hines | Mar 9, 2015 | Blog, Supply Chain
The Internet of Things (IoT) “represents the convergence of the physical and digital worlds. Physical objects are equipped with technology that enables the object to send and receive information via fixed-wire or wireless communications links to the Internet, and to then transmit information in one form or another.”
In 2003 there were an estimated 500 million IoT-connected devices. By 2010 there were 12.5 billion connected devices. Morgan Stanley estimates that there will be 75 billion IoT devices by 2020. Cisco makes a more conservative estimate 50 billion. Whether it is Morgan Stanley or Cisco who proves correct, what is clear is that the number of internet connected devices is growing exponentially.
Consumer convenience is often the focus of the IoT. However, the capabilities of the IoT reach far beyond consumer convenience. The IoT is game-changing for the logistics and supply chain industries. The IoT delivers the visibility and data necessary for supply chain optimization.
One Network Enterprises, a supply chain technology provider, offers this supply chain example:
“[The IoT] refers to data communication among a large range of assets or devices—from your fridge to your oven or, more pertinently, from your inventory to its container, from the container to the carrier, from the pallet to the warehouse. The more your assets can ‘speak’ to one another and share data, the more they can work together to help you improve your processes.”
The IoT has already moved into industrial environments including warehouses and manufacturing plants.
Examples of where the IoT is already having an impact on supply chains include:
- Transparency and visibility
- Proactive replenishment
- Predictive maintenance
- Reduction in asset loss
- Manufacturing flow management
- Product development and commercialization.
- Risk management.
- Operational efficiency
- Improved fleet management
The transparency and end-to-end visibility afforded by the IoT creates new opportunities that supply chain professionals can leverage in order to optimize supply chains and generate value. It is important to look at the potential of the IoT now and not later. The amount of data alone that is generated by the IoT creates a paradigm shift. Companies that embrace the Internet of Things and identify where and how it can play a role for their business will move forward and leave those who do not behind.
The Internet of Things has the potential to change everything.
To learn more about how the Internet of Things has and will continue to impact the supply chain see the full article How the Internet of Things will change your world on Supply Chain Quarterly. The article includes a focus on Internet of things and the warehouse.
by Elizabeth Hines | Dec 17, 2014 | Big Data, Blog, Data/Analytics, Internet of Things
The Internet of Things (IoT) is ubiquitous. Because of this it can seem abstruse. Puneet Mehta does a great job of putting the concept in layman’s terms: “[A] plethora of “dumb” objects becom[ing] connected, sending signals to each other and alerts to our phones, and creating mounds of “little data” on all of us that will make marketers salivate.”
The mounds of data created by the advent of the IoT does not just make marketers salivate. Gartner predicts that the IoT will add $1.9 trillion in value to the economy by 2020. Looking ahead, Cisco estimates that the IoT will create over $14 trillion in value over the next 10 years.
In 2003 there were 500 million connected devices. Cisco estimates that this number will increase to 50 billion by 2020. Morgan Stanley believes this number will be higher – it estimates there will be 75 billion IoT devices by 2020.
“Dumb” objects are becoming connected; the physical and digital worlds are converging. Mounds of data are being collected.
IoT and Big Data
Mukul Krishna, from Frost & Sullivan, presented a simple incremental view of the relationship between the IoT and big data. In short, IoT devices can be thought of as data sources. These data sources generate an incredible amount of data – much of which was previously not accessible. The information and insights from big data allow for better decision-making.
The amount of big data created each day in 2012 was 2.5 exabytes (2.5×1018). In 2014 the amount of data were created each day was 2.3 zettabytes (2.3×1021),
An IDC forecast shows that the Big Data technology and services market will grow at a 27% compound annual growth rate (CAGR) to $32.4 billion through 2017 – or at about six times the growth rate of the overall information and communication technology market.
The need for a plan
McKinsey & Company offer sage advice: put a plan in place.
The payoff from joining the big-data and advanced-analytics management revolution is no longer in doubt. The tally of successful case studies continues to build, reinforcing broader research suggesting that when companies inject data and analytics deep into their operations, they can deliver productivity and profit gains that are 5 to 6 percent higher than those of the competition. The promised land of new data-driven businesses, greater transparency into how operations actually work, better predictions, and faster testing is alluring indeed.
But that doesn’t make it any easier to get from here to there.
So how does one get from here to there?
The answer, simply put, is to develop a plan. Literally. It may sound obvious, but in our experience, the missing step for most companies is spending the time required to create a simple plan for how data, analytics, frontline tools, and people come together to create business value. The power of a plan is that it provides a common language allowing senior executives, technology professionals, data scientists, and managers to discuss where the greatest returns will come from and, more important, to select the two or three places to get started.
What impact has the IoT and big data had on your company? Does your company have a plan in place?
by Jennifer Hart Yim | Jun 26, 2014 | Blog, Internet of Things, Logistics, Manufacturing & Distribution, Marketing, Social Media, Strategy, Supply Chain
This article is part of a series of articles written by MBA students and graduates from the University of New Hampshire Peter T. Paul College of Business and Economics.
Supply Chain Management will use the Internet of Things to improve factory workflow, increase material tracking, and optimize distribution to maximize revenues.
“Clap on “(clap, clap), “Clap off” (clap, clap), “the Clapper”!!
When introduced in 1986, “The Clapper” light switch was considered a significant breakthrough in home automation. Today, with advances in communication, sensors, and internet-connected devices, you can change the temperature of your home, your lights, appliances, and security system all from your smartphone — from anywhere in the world. This is just one simple example in the growing “Internet of Things” technology. The potential is enormous, not just in home automation but in industrial applications like manufacturing and distribution.
The Internet of Things (IoT) is broadly defined as the merging of the physical and digital worlds. It’s a scenario in which people and/or objects can be uniquely identified with the ability to share information over a network without any actual conscious intervention. The data is automatically transferred, analyzed, and used to trigger an event. Figure 1 below demonstrates how one of these devices functions and interacts with the Internet and other devices.
Figure 1.
The IoT and Supply Chain Management
While many of us may be familiar with recent advancements in home automation, like the Nest thermostat, the real impacts of IoT will be in Supply Chain Management. Recent reports by Cisco, IDC and Gartner all claim that a significant increase in the number of devices making up the Internet of Things will have a profound impact on how future supply chains will operate. The 2011 Cisco report predicts there will be 50 billion connected devices globally by 2020, or about 6.5 devices for each person, up from only approximately 2.5 today (see figure 2). More active devices means more available data — to the point where they will be ubiquitous and transparent in our every day lives.
Figure 2.
Impacts to supply chain will be broad and far-reaching, utilizing Big Data to gather and analyze information across the entire process.
Some IoT devices have been in place for some time, such as commercial telematics now used in trucking fleets to improve logistics efficiency. Other commercial type applications — like fabrics that use sensors within clothing and industrial fabrics to monitor human health or manufacturing processes — are just being developed now.
Mark Morely of GSX, a leading provider of monitoring and management solutions, recently discussed three key impacts he believed IoT would have on the Supply Chain industry: Pervasive Visibility, Proactive Replenishment, and Predictive Maintenance. This is a great way to explain the immediate benefits, so I will summarize Mark’s description and expand with some real-world examples.
Three key impacts the IoT will have on the supply chain industry
1) Pervasive Visibility
Mark describes this as the ability to track and monitor a shipment in real time using a combination of sensors (RFID), connected devices, and communication channels (3G/4G, GPS, internet). It provides the ability to have real-time transit status, including location, temperature, and diagnostics — far more information than legacy infomatics provided.
One great example I found is from a company called Purefresh, who are at the cutting edge of Supply Chain IoT technology. They offer not only real-time shipment condition tracking, but also the ability to model and develop transit routes to optimize freshness in perishable cargo — taking into account environmental elements, such as ozone, atmospheres, and temperature. They indicate that an estimated “30% to 50% (or 1.2-2 billion tons) of all food produced on the planet is lost before reaching a human stomach.” IoT advancements will not only better optimize transit flow but also better serve humanity.
2) Proactive Replenishment
It’s the capability to automatically recognize the need to order and restock a product on a “machine-to-machine” basis, reducing the need for human interaction. The most common example is that vending machines will know when it’s out of or low on a Snickers bars and immediately trigger an alert to reorder them, instead of waiting for a service person to check on the vending machine and reorder products manually. The result is less human intervention, quicker replenishment, better sales forecasting and ultimately increased revenues. Oh, and many more happy office workers who really need a mid-afternoon sugar rush!
Opportunities for this technology go far beyond the candy vending machine though. Industries with time critical inventories like hospitals and pharmacies can better maintain supplies by supplementing human inventory control with real time use tracking. A much less critical but more broadly used application comes from Coke’s Freestyle fountain soda machine. It’s about the same size as the existing vending machines but it can dispense 126 kinds of flavors, offering an almost infinite amount of combinations. It uses Radio Frequency ID (RFID) cartridges that store the concentrated syrups in the machine. The RFID chips detect how much of each syrup it has and what combinations are being used. When it detects that it needs supplies, it transmits the information to both Coca-Cola and the storeowner including what has been sold, a record of when sales occurred, troubleshooting information, and service data. As a result, soda sales and customer satisfaction increases, all with less effort by the storeowner.
3) Predictive Maintenance
This application is closer to the true machine-to-machine communications the IoT was intended for. From large-scale manufacturing to diagnostics on the family minivan, predictive maintenance utilizes sensors and connected devices to monitor and react to issues. This self-diagnosis capability can detect a potential issue before there’s a failure, order a replacement part, and even schedule maintenance to avoid costly downtime.
Not only does predictive maintenance help keep factories running longer and the family minivan from unexpectedly breaking down, it can improve efficiency throughout the whole supply chain. If equipment manufacturers constantly receive service data from factory equipment, they can better trend problems and focus on those issues for future products. Parts depots can better forecast inventories and determine consistent safety stock levels. IoT, in this example, is a true B2B (business to business) — automating the communication between businesses on every link of the chain.
In relation to home automation, predictive maintenance will become integrated into our everyday lives. Appliances will become smarter, more efficient, and easier to monitor. Internet-connected sensors will be embedded into everything from refrigerators to washers/dryers and HVAC systems. So much so that companies like GE are investing heavily into these technologies, in both commercial and industrial applications. These connected appliances will perform self-diagnosis, determine the most cost-efficient time to operate, and even automatically order maintenance parts like furnace filters when needed. Imagine getting an alert on your smartphone that your forced hot air furnace needs a new air filter, and it has already been ordered through your Amazon account. It just saved you effort in remembering to check the filter and ordering it — leading to a cleaner, longer-lasting, and more efficient furnace.
So, why isn’t IoT here yet?
It’s close but there are still hurdles to overcome. In recent years, advances in sensor technologies, 4G communications, and cloud computing has made achieving Internet of Things capabilities even more possible. But for companies in the Supply Chain to leverage these opportunities, they will need to expand investment into cloud-based platforms that can support scalable devices and data-analysis services.
Critical to IoT’s success will be the necessary “middleware” software communication protocols to link all these devices. Companies like ProSyst and open-source SW projects like OPENIoT are pioneering these capabilities. But even with this progress, agreements on industry standards will be key to long-term platform success.
Having a common IoT protocol will be necessary to link the physical and digital worlds on a consistent and economical basis. Understanding the need for standards and common architectures, Intel has led the way by recently creating the not-for-profit Industrial Internet Consortium (IIC) with other vested companies like AT&T, Cisco, GE, and IBM. The connected Supply “Chain” will become exponentially longer once these common standards are in place.
The Internet of Things trend is quickly approaching and will impact the way we live and work through increased productivity and efficiency. Supply Chain Management will continue utilizing these advanced technologies to improve factory workflow, increase material tracking, and optimize distribution to maximize revenues.
In 1986, I recall how innovative I thought the Clapper was — I couldn’t have imagined how connected we would become only 28 years later. And the next 28 will be sure to amaze.
Steve Mondazzi is a Principal Master Planner in the Defense Contracting industry. After 20 years’ experience in project management and schedule development, he decided to further his education by recently earning a Masters in Technology Management at the University of New Hampshire. He’s a certified PMI Project Management Professional, an entrepreneur, and an avid lover of all things technology. He currently resides in Massachusetts with his wife, two teenagers, and an excessive collection of headphones. Steve can be contacted via his Twitter account @schedulepro or through LinkedIn.
Related posts:
